Just as the various bodily organs work together in harmony to perform all of a human’s functions, the many different cellular organelles work together to keep the cell healthy and performing all of its important functions. An organelle (“little organ”) is one of several different types of membrane-enclosed bodies in the cell, each performing a unique function. Eukaryotic cells, including all animal cells, also contain various cellular organelles. Cytosol, the jelly-like substance within the cell, provides the fluid medium necessary for biochemical reactions. All living cells in multicellular organisms contain an internal cytoplasmic compartment, and a nucleus within the cytoplasm. Now that you have learned that the cell membrane surrounds all cells, you can dive inside of a prototypical human cell to learn about its internal components and their functions. Explain the three components of the cytoskeleton, including their composition and functions.Describe the structure and function of mitochondria and peroxisomes.Describe the structure and function of the cellular organelles associated with the endomembrane system, including the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and lysosomes.By the end of this section, you will be able to:
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